Summary of Bat Surveys

Summary

Bat population counts have been conducted since 2021.

 The bar graph below shows the summarized result of the

Bat population for 4 years based on the field work of the Sulu Garden
Foundation.

The 2021 bat population resulted in a total average of seven thousand three hundred ninety-two (7,392) individuals. It was followed by the year 2022 with three thousand five hundred ninety-three (3,593) in January, thereby having a 51.39% decrease. During May of the same year, it increased to five thousand nine hundred eighty-nine (5,989) and subsequently decreased to five thousand three hundred fifty-five (5,355) in September. Hence, the year had a 66.69% increase and a 10.59% decrease respectively, reflecting changes relative to the previous data.

The following year, 2023, the bat population increased to six thousand five hundred thirty-one (6,531) on the January count with a 21.96% increase and it went down a bit in May to six thousand one hundred one (6,101) having a 6.58% decrease. After seventeen months, the November 2024 count, the bat population decreased to four thousand two hundred twenty (4,220). The latest data has a 30.83% decrease from the May 2023 count and a 42.91% decrease from the first bat count last August 2021.

2024

November

Fruit Bat Count Report   November 2024

The bat population count survey for the year 2024 was conducted in November 28 in coordination with the Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO) – Miag-ao staff. The team was also accompanied by UP Visayas, 4th year, BS Computer Science students for the documentation.

The total average bat count population for the year 2024 is at four thousand two hundred twenty (4,220) from a total of forty-three (43) recorded fruit bat roosting trees. The highest count is four hundred eleven (411) on a Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) tree while the least count is two (2) on a Niyog (Cocos nucifera) tree.

Similar to the previous counts conducted in the past years, visual count was used to determine the total average of bats per roosting tree. The number of bats per roosting tree varies per time and day. By 10 to 10:30 AM, the bats will move around with their guano (bat droppings), and transfer to other trees around the vicinity. Prior to the bat count, the team determined roosting trees around the Miag-ao town center to map out areas for the survey.

Table 1. Distribution of the Bat Population among different trees around Miag-ao town center
Tree No. Local Name Scientific Name Tree Damage Classification Average Bat Count
1 Balete Ficus sp. 2 396
2 Kaimito Chrysophyllum cainito 4 20
3 Samalague Tamarindus indica 4 286
4 Kaimito Chrysophyllum cainito 4 125
5 Balete Ficus sp. 2 18
6 Narra Pterocarpus indicus 2 20
7 Balete Ficus sp. 2 303
8 Kaimito Chrysophyllum cainito 5 51
9 Kaimito Chrysophyllum cainito 5 45
10 Mangga Mangifera indica 4 7
11 Kaimito Chrysophyllum cainito 3 58
12 Santol Sandoricum koetjape 4 50
13 Kaimito Chrysophyllum cainito 4 97
14 Niyog Cocos nucifera 5 2
15 Niyog Cocos nucifera 5 8
16 Lanete Wrightia pubescens 3 20
17 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 2 3
18 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 3 147
19 Mangga Mangifera indica 4 140
20 Tipolo Artocarpus blanco 5 58
21 Kaimito Chrysophyllum cainito 5 104
22 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 13
23 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 9
24 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 12
25 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 21
26 Talisay Terminalia catappa 4 48
27 Kapok Ceiba pentandra 3 207
28 Rain Tree Samanea saman 4 22
29 Niyog Cocos nucifera 5 5
30 Niyog Cocos nucifera 5 15
31 Niyog Cocos nucifera 5 34
32 Mango Mangifera indica 5 273
33 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 411
34 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 70
35 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 88
36 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 52
37 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 127
38 Tipolo Artocarpus blanco 4 240
39 Rain Tree Samanea saman 4 30
40 Mangga Mangifera indica 5 226
41 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 4 86
42 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 5 35
43 Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla 3 238
TOTAL 4,220
*Rating of the damage to the trees: 1 = 81% – 100% damage, 2 = 61% – 80% damage, 3 = 41% – 60% damage, 4 = 21% – 40% damage, and 5 = 0% – 20% damage

Thirteen various tree species were identified, namely Balete (Ficus sp.), Kaimito (Chrysophyllum cainito), Samalague (Tamarindus indica), Narra (Pterocarpus indicus), Mango (Mangifera indica), Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), Niyog (Cocos nucifera), Lanete (Wrightia pubescens), Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Tipolo (Artocarpus blancoi), Talisay (Terminalia catappa), Kapok (Ceiba pentandra), and Rain Tree (Samanea saman). Fruit bats prefer trees with 0-20% damage with 48.8% bats roosting based on our findings on damage classification. As of November 2024, the fruit bats are more congested to the Western part of the town near the dead Bubog tree where the bats initially roosted.

Refer to our interactive map for data visualization:

Fourteen (14) out of forty-three (43) roosting trees are Mahogany, followed by seven (7) Kaimito trees, five (5) Niyog trees, four (4) Mango trees, three (3) Balete trees, two (2) of Tipolo and Rain Trees, and one of each remaining trees. Certain tree species are new roosting trees while some are no longer roosting trees by bats, such as the Bubog tree within the cemetery grounds due to severe damage.

Figure 1. Average fruit bat distribution per tree (November 2024).

The highest total average count per tree species is of the Samalague (Tamarindus indica) with two hundred eighty-six (286), followed by Balete trees with two hundred thirty-nine (239), Kapok tree with two hundred seven (207), Mango trees with one hundred sixty two (162), Tipolo trees with one hundred forty-nine (149), Mahogany trees with ninety-four (94), Kaimito trees with seventy-one (71), Santol tree with fifty (50), Talisay tree with forty-eight (48), Acacia trees with twenty-six (20), both Narra and Lanete trees with twenty (20), and Niyog trees with thirteen (13).

Figure 2. Summary of the total of fruit bat population count from 2021 to 2024.

The first bat population count survey last August 2021 had a count of seven thousand three hundred ninety-two (7,392). It was followed with a total of three thousand five hundred ninety-three (3,593) on January 2022. The same year, it increased to five thousand nine hundred eighty-nine (5,989) in the month of May and subsequently decreased to five thousand three hundred fifty-five (5,355) on September. The following year, 2023, the bat population increased to six thousand five hundred thirty-one (6,531) on the January count and decreased a bit in May to six thousand one hundred one (6,101). After seventeen months, the November 2024 count, the bat population decreased to four thousand two hundred twenty (4,220).

The average bat count population decreased by 30.83% from May 2023 to November 2024. The bat roosting trees within the town plaza and Santos Tomas de Villanueva, commonly known as the Miag-ao Church were trimmed, hence there were no fruit bats roosting within the church grounds.

2023

January

The first bat population count survey for the year 2023 was conducted last January 26, 2023. It was done with CENRO-Guimbal staff.

This year, there are only thirty-seven (37) individual trees left being roosted by the island flying foxes, with still fifteen (15) species. 

The fifteen (15) species of trees are Acacia (Samanea saman), Bubog (Sterculia foetida), Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito), Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Duldol (Ceiba pentandra), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Indian Mango (Mangifera indica), Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Narra (Pterocarpus indicus), Neem (Azidirachta indica), Palawan Cherry (Cassia nodosa), Rain Tree, Sambag (Tamarindus indica), Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), Tipolo (Artocarpus blancoi).

This January, the total count was six thousand five hundred thirty-one (6,531) individuals with seven hundred twenty-one (721) as the highest count on a acacia tree and the least count was fourteen (14) on a coconut tree.

Ten (10) out of the thirty-seven (37) roosting trees are mahogany, followed by six (6) gmelina trees, four (4) caimito, three (3) coconut trees, two (2) trees each of acacia, indian mango, and tipolo and one (1) each of the remaining trees.

The highest total average count per tree species is of the acacia tree with eight hundred fifty-four (854) count, followed by narra tree with four hundred ffity-three (453) count, sambag tree with two hundred ninety-three (293) bats, mahogany trees with one hundred sixty-nine (169) bats, duldol tree with one hundred fifty-eight (158) bats, gmelina and neem trees with one hundred fifty (150) bats, indian mango trees with one hundred thirty (130) bats, caimito trees with one hundred fifteen (115) bats, santol tree with one hundred five (105) bats, palawan cherry tree with eighty-eight (88) bats, tipolo tree with seventy-six (76) bats, rain tree with thirty-eight (38) bats, bubog tree with twenty-three (23) bats, and coconut trees with nineteen (19) bats.

The bat count population increased by 21.96% compared with the last September 2022 count.

May

The second bat population count survey for the current year 2023 was conducted last May 19, 2023.

This second trimester, there are forty-four (44) individual trees roosted on by the island flying foxes, with still fifteen (15) species. There was an 18.92% increase in the number of their roosting sites and there was no change in the number of species recorded, compared to last January’s data.

The fifteen (15) species of trees are Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia), Bubog (Sterculia foetida), Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito), Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Lanete  (Wrightia pubescens), Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Mango (Mangifera indica), Narra (Pterocarpus indicus), Neem Tree (Azidirachta indica), Palawan Cherry (Cassia nodosa), Sambag (Tamarindus indica), Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), Talisay (Terminalia catappa), and Tipolo (Artocarpus blancoi). There are additional seven (7) additional roosting trees.

This May, the total count was six thousand one hundred one (6,101) individuals with eight hundred fifty-seven (857) as the highest count on a mango tree and the least count was two (2) on a talisay tree.

Nine (9) out of the forty-four (44) roosting trees are gmelina, followed by seven (7) mahogany trees, five (5) caimito, four (4) narra trees, three (3) mango trees, two (2) each of agoho, bubog, coconut, lanete, santol and tipolo and one (1) each of the remaining trees.

The highest total average count per tree species is of the mango tree with four hundred ninety-one (491) count, followed by narra tree with two hundred seventy-three (273) count, gmelina tree with one hundred forty-one (141) bats, sambag tree with one hundred thirty (130) bats, mahogany trees and tipolo tree with one hundred twenty-six (126) bats, caimito trees with one hundred seventeen (117) bats, agoho trees with fifty-six (56) bats, palawan cherry tree with fifty-one (51) bats, bubog trees with forty-eight (48) bats, lanete trees with thirty-three (33) bats, santol trees with twenty-five (25) bats, neem tree with twenty-three (23) bats, coconut trees with eleven (11) bats, and talisay tree with two (2) bats.

The bat count population decreased by 6.58% compared with the last January count.

 Island flying fox roosting within the town of Miagao.

The first bat population count survey for the current year 2022 was conducted last January 16-18, 2022.

there were forty-six (46) individual trees recorded, with fourteen (14) species. This year, there are only twenty-seven (27) individual trees left being roosted by the island flying foxes, with only eleven (11) species left.

The eleven (11) species of trees are Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Acacia (Samanea saman), Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito), Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), Lanete (Wrightia pubescens), Narra (Pterocarpus indicus), Sambag (Tamarindus indica), Kamansi (Artocarpus camansi), and Duldol (Ceiba pentandra).

The total bat population went down to three thousand five hundred ninety-three (3,593) individuals with four hundred eighty-six (486) counts on an Acacia tree as the highest count per tree and the least count was two (2) in a Mahogany tree.

Ten (10) out of the twenty-seven (27) roosting trees are Mahogany trees, followed by three (3) Acacia trees, two (2) Caimito and Coconut trees, one (1) of each remaining tree species recorded.

The highest total average count per tree species is of the Mahogany trees with nine-hundred thirteen (913) total count, followed by Mahogany trees with seven hundred thirty-one (731) total count, Sambag tree with four hundred seventy-one (471) bats, Caimito trees with one hundred seventy-one (171) bats, Narra tree with one hundred sixty-six (166) bats, Santol tree with one hundred fifty (150) bats, Gmelina tree with one hundred fourteen (114) bats, Coconut trees with sixty-six (66), Kamansi tree with sixty-four (64) bats, Duldol tree with fifty-five (55) bats and Lanete tree with only six (6) bats.

May

IMG_1102-DeNoiseAI-denoise

For the 2nd trimester of 2022, the count was conducted last May 19, 2022.

There were forty-eight (48) trees with eighteen (18) species recorded. This May, the total population went up to five thousand nine hundred eighty-nine (5,989) individuals with one thousand three hundred fifty-three (1,353) counts on an acacia tree as the highest count per tree and the least count was eight (2) in both neem tree and bamboo.

Twelve (12) out of the forty-eight (48) roosting trees are mahogany trees, followed by six (6) caimito trees, five (5) coconut trees, four (4) gmelina, three (3) agoho, mango and acacia, two (2) narra, and one (1) of each remaining trees recorded and a bamboo grass.

The highest total average count per tree species is of the acacia trees with one thousand eight hundred forty-three (1,843) total count, followed by mahogany trees with nine hundred eighty-six (986) total count, mango trees with six hundred twenty-two (622) bats, narra trees with six hundred thirteen (613) bats, caimitos trees with five hundred five (505) bats, gmelina trees with two hundred ninety-two (292) bats, agoho trees with one hundred ninety-five (195) bats, tipolo tree with one hundred nine (109), coconut trees with ninety-six (96) bats, balete tree with ninety (90) bats, bubog tree with eighty-nine (89) bats, santol tree with eighty-one (81) bats, payhod tree with seventy (70) bats, talisay tree with sixty-two (62) bats, lanete tree with forty-three (43) bats and neem tree and bamboo grass both with only eight (8) bats.

Picture5

The number of roosting trees is fifteen (15) this last trimester.

The fifteen species of trees are Acacia (Samanea saman),  Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia), Bubog (Sterculia foetida), Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito), Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Duldol (Ceiba pentandra), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Indian Mango (Mangifera indica), Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Narra (Pterocarpus indicus), Neem (Azidirachta indica), Rain Tree, Sambag (Tamarindus indica), Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), and Tipolo (Artocarpus blancoi).

This September, the total count was five thousand three hundred fifty-five (5,355) individuals with eight hundred thirty-two (832) as the highest count on a narra tree and the least count was only two (2) on an agoho tree.

Eleven (11) out of the forty-one (41) roosting trees are mahogany, followed by five (5) gmelina trees, four (4) caimito, three (3) each of agoho and coconut trees, two (2) trees each of acacia and indian mango, and one (1) each of the remaining trees.

The highest total average count per tree species is of the mahogany tree with one thousand four hundred seventy-five (1,475) count, followed by narra tree with one thousand fifty (1,050) count, acacia trees with seven hundred eighty-six (786) bats, gmelina trees with six hundred forty-nine (649) bats, sambag tree with five hundred fourteen (514) bats, agoho trees with two hundred thirty-two (232) bats, indian mango trees with two hundred fifteen (215) bats, caimito trees with one hundred thirty-five(135) bats, bubog tree with eighty-five (85) bats, santol tree with eighty-one (81) bats, rain tree with eighty (80) bats, coconut trees with seventy-four (74) bats, tipolo tree with sixty-nine(69) bats, and both neem and duldol tree with six (6) bats.

The dates of the survey for 2022 were January 16-18, May 19 and September 29. The SGF staff conducted it together with MENRO-Miag-ao and CENRO-Guimbal.

There were a total of 46 individual trees recorded as the bats’ roosting sites and it consists of twenty (20) species.

The 20 species of trees are: Acacia (Samanea saman), Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia), Bubog (Sterculia foetida), Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito), Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Duldol (Ceiba pentandra), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Mango (Mangifera indica), Kamansi (Artocarpus camansi), Lanete (Wrightia pubescens), Lunok (Ficus sp.), Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Narra (Pterocarpus indicus), Neem (Azidirachta indica), Payhod, Rain Tree, Sambag (Tamarindus indica), Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), Talisay and Tipolo (Artocarpus blancoi). And there was also one Bamboo grass.

The Common Island Flying Foxes’ average total population in the town of Miag-ao for 2022 is four thousand nine hundred seventy-nine (4,979) individuals. The highest average count in a tree was from the Acacia tree with eight hundred fifty-two (852) individuals and the least was from a Neem tree with only seven (7) counts.

Tree Number

Count

Tree Species

Condition

1

326

Narra (Pterocarpus indicus)

5

2

24

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

5

3

106

Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)

5

4

55

Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)

5

5

94

Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)

4

6

223

Mango (Mangifera indica)

5

7

852

Acacia (Samanea saman)

1

8

49

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

4

9

192

Mango (Mangifera indica)

4

10

7

Neem (Azidirachta indica)

5

11

51

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

4

12

189

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

3

13

392

Narra (Pterocarpus indicus)

1

14

116

Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)

2

15

393

Sambag (Tamarindus indica)

3

16

246

Acacia (Samanea saman)

2

17

330

Lunok (Ficus sp.)

4

18

48

Duldol (Ceiba pentandra)

4

19

157

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

5

20

94

Gmelina (Gmelina arborea)

5

21

75

Gmelina (Gmelina arborea)

4

22

40

Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)

4

23

194

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

4

24

65

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

4

25

98

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

4

26

25

Lanete (Wrightia pubescens)

5

27

142

Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)

5

28

104

Santol (Sandoricum koetjape)

3

29

24

Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)

3

30

116

Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)

4

31

102

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

2

32

37

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

2

33

130

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

5

34

27

Coconut (Cocos nucifera)

4

35

21

Coconut (Cocos nucifera)

5

36

21

Coconut (Cocos nucifera)

5

37

102

Tipolo (Artocarpus blancoi)

5

38

54

Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)

4

39

107

Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)

4

40

64

Kamansi (Artocarpus camansi)

5

41

55

Duldol (Ceiba pentandra)

3

42

124

Acacia (Samanea saman)

3

43

59

Mango (Mangifera indica)

5

44

62

Talisay

5

45

125

Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)

5

46

70

Payhod

5

47

87

Bubog (Sterculia foetida)

5

48

21

Gmelina (Gmelina arborea)

5

49

173

Gmelina (Gmelina arborea)

5

50

37

Coconut (Cocos nucifera)

5

51

8

Bamboo

4

52

14

Coconut (Cocos nucifera)

5

53

157

Gmelina (Gmelina arborea)

5

54

80

Rain Tree

5

55

69

Tipolo (Artocarpus blancoi)

5

*Rating of the damage to the trees:
 1 = 81% – 100% damage = 61% – 80% damage  3 = 41% – 60% damage    4 = 21% – 40% damage   5 = 0% – 20% damage

Thirteen (13) out of the forty-six (46) roosting trees are mahogany, followed by six (6) caimito, five (5) coconut and gmelina, three (3) each of acacia, agoho and mango trees, two (2) narra and one (1) each of the remaining trees.

The highest total average count per tree species is of the acacia tree with four hundred seven (407), followed by sambag tree with three hundred ninety-three (393) count, narra trees with three hundred fifty-nine (359) bats, lunok tree with three hundred thirty (330) bats, mango trees with one hundred fifty-eight (158) bats, santol tree with one hundred four (104) bats, mahogany trees with ninety-seven (97) bats, caimito trees with ninety-four (94) bats, gmelina trees with ninety-one (91) bats, bubog tree with eighty-seven (87) bats, agoho and tipolo tree with eighty-five (85) bats, rain tree with eighty (80) bats, payhod tree with seventy (70) bats, kamansi tree sixty-four (64), talisay tree with sixty-two (62), duldol with fifty-two (52) bats, lanete with twenty-five (25) bats, coconut with twenty-four (24) and neem tree seven (7) bats.

Figure 1 below shows the total number of bats per trimester that the count was conducted.

From the period of August 26 to September 3, 2021, the staff from Sulu Garden Foundation surveyed the Municipality of Miag-ao to list, identify and plot the roosting sites of Common Island Foxes on a map and count their population.

There are forty-six (46) individual trees recorded as the bats’ roosting sites and it consists of fourteen (14) species.

The 14 species of trees are: Agoho (Casuarina 

equisetifolia), Narra (Pterocarpus indicus), Mango (Mangifera indica), Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito), Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), Lanete (Wrightia pubescens), Sambag (Tamarindus indica), Acacia (Samanea saman), Lunok (Ficus), Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Kamansi (Artocarpus camansi), and Duldol (Ceiba pentandra).

The Common Island Flying Foxes’ average total population in the town of Miag-ao is seven thousand three hundred ninety-two (7,392) individuals as of September 3, 2021. The highest count in a tree was from the Acacia tree with one thousand forty-four (1,044±4) individuals and the least was from the two (2) Agoho trees beside Miag-ao Church with only three (3) counts each.

Table 1. Distribution of the Bat Population among different trees around Miag-ao town plaza.

TREE #TREE SPECIESTREE CONDITION RATING*COUNT

NUMBER OF BATS

 (MEAN ± SEM)

1st COUNT2nd COUNT3rd COUNT
1Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)528252526 ± 1
2Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)53333
3Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)53333
4Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)565907476 ± 7
5Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)575656969 ± 3
6Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)5153155155154 ± 1
7Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)5130132130131 ± 1
8Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)5120132136129 ± 5
9Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)5149152150150 ± 1
10Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)5124129129127 ± 2
11Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)5117115117116 ± 1
12Narra (Pterocarpus indicus)5250250251250
13Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)4154160158157 ± 2
14Agoho (Casuarina equisetifolia)4197208202202 ±  3
15Indian Mango (Mangifera indica)5237259247248 ± 6
16Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)541524947 ± 3
17Coconut (Cocos nucifera)432353534 ± 1
18Coconut (Cocos nucifera)45555
19Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)3228233221227 ± 3
20Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)235333434 ±  1
21Santol (Sandoricum koetjape)3132135129132 ±  2
22Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)517262422 ±  3
23Lanete (Wrightia pubescens)515161515
24Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)4291296287291 ±  3
25Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)3235250238241 ±  5
26Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)5125130132129 ±  2
27Coconut (Cocos nucifera)410101010
28Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)581798782 ± 2
29Indian Mango (Mangifera indica)3480495489488 ± 4
30Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)5156159160158 ± 1
31Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)3113130118120 ± 5
32Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)58888
33Narra (Pterocarpus indicus)2291314302304 ± 7
34Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito)1146149152149 ± 2
35Sambag (Tamarindus indica)3205213209209 ± 2
36Acacia (Samanea saman)1977983985982 ± 2
37Lunok (Ficus sp.)419191919
38Acacia (Samanea saman)21050104510361044 ± 4
39Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)417171717
40Gmelina (Gmelina arborea)557636762 ±  3
41Gmelina (Gmelina arborea)427303029 ± 1
42Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)3309311300307 ± 3
43Indian Mango (Mangifera odorata)3118128125124 ± 3
44Kamansi (Artocarpus camansi)473776873 ± 3
45Duldol (Ceiba pentandra)444483944 ± 3
46Acacia (Samanea saman)3145132151153 ± 6
*Rating of the damage to the trees: 1 = 81% – 100% damage    2 = 61% – 80% damage      3 = 41% – 60% damage     4 = 21% – 40% damage      5 = 0% – 20% damage

Thirteen (13) out of the forty-six (46) roosting trees of the Common Island Flying Fox are Agoho; followed by ten (10) Mahogany; four (4) Caimito; three (3) Mango and Coconut; two (2) Acacia, Narra and Gmelina; and one (1) for the remaining six (6) species of trees.

The highest total average count per tree species is of Agoho tree with one thousand three hundred forty-six (1,346) individuals, followed by the Acacia tree with one thousand one hundred eighty-six (1,186) bats, Mahogany tree with nine hundred thirty-six (936) bats, Mango tree with eight hundred fifty-nine (859) bats, Narra tree with five hundred fifty-three (553) bats, Caimito tree with two hundred eighty-eight (288) bats, Sambag tree with two hundred nine (209) bats, Santol tree with one hundred thirty-two (132) bats, Gmelina with ninety-one (91) bats, Kamansi with seventy-three (73) bats, Coconut with forty-nine (49), Duldol with forty-four (44), Lunok with nineteen (19), and Lanete with fifteen (15) bats.

Figure 1. Bar chart showing the total average population of the Common Island Flying Fox per tree species (survey date, September 2021)

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